Mineral fertilizers what is it
Mineral fertilizers are fertilizers containing readily soluble nutrients. Distinguish between simple and complex mineral fertilizers. Simple ones contain only one element of nutrition, depending on which element it is, they are divided into nitrogen, phosphorus, potash and others. Fertilizers containing several nutrients are called complex.
Content
Nitrogen Fertilizers
These fertilizers can be used for fruit and berry plants, but you should not use ammonium chloride, which contains a lot of chlorine, which is harmful to plants. Nitrogen fertilizers are applied early in spring and in the first half of summer, evenly dispersing over the site with subsequent incorporation into the soil. It is very good to apply fertilizer dissolved in water when watering.
Superphosphates
This is the main phosphate fertilizer. This is an insoluble fertilizer. Soil acidity, superphosphate, unlike nitrogen, does not increase, since it contains gypsum, in high doses it can be applied every three to four years. The best forms of potash fertilizers are those that do not contain chlorine. On clay and loamy soil, potash should be applied in the fall, and on sandy and peaty soils in the spring.
Potash fertilizer
Ash is primarily potash fertilizer, although it also contains lime, phosphorus, boron, manganese and other elements, there is no nitrogen in the ash at all. Ash from various plants has a different chemical composition. For example, rye straw ash contains most potassium, potassium oak ash contains half as much, but lime has the maximum amount. Ash should be applied to all crops, especially those that are sensitive to chlorine, and must be applied when planting plants. Under a growing plant, ash can be applied in the spring, summer and autumn at 200-250 grams per square meter of the trunk circle, on light soils it is better to apply it in the spring by doubling the dose. It is necessary to store the ash in tightly closed vessels, so that moisture does not get into it, otherwise the nutrients are washed out of it, primarily potassium.
Magnesium fertilizer
Basically, magnesium is introduced by liming the soil using magnesium containing calcareous materials. For example, dolomite flour contains about 20% magnesium oxide, and in the semi-burnt dolomite 27%. These fertilizers are used for liming the soil and at the same time saturate it with magnesium. Accordingly, when liming the soil with materials containing magnesium, plants are provided with them for a long time.
Potassium fertilizers containing magnesium, for example, such as: kalimag, kalimagnesia can also be used to enrich the soil with magnesium, since they contain up to 10% magnesium oxide. For the same purpose, magnesium sulfate is used, which contains about 16% of magnesium oxide, it is applied at the rate of 25-30 grams per square meter. Especially effective is the application of magnesium fertilizers on light sandy, sandy loamy soils.
Microfertilizers
Having done an agrochemical analysis of the soil, it is possible to establish the lack of trace elements in it. Experienced gardeners by the appearance of plants determine the need for special fertilizers containing trace elements. But it is easier to remember that on peaty soils there is often a shortage of copper, on acidic soddy-podzolic and gray forest soils - molybdenum, on red soils - boron and molybdenum, on carbonate and sandy loamy soils - manganese, iron and zinc, on highly calcareous soils - manganese. In addition, remember, if you apply a large dose of nitrogen fertilizers - this increases the need for molybdenum, copper, boron, cobalt.
You can do without micronutrient fertilizers if you regularly introduce manure, mineral fertilizers, ashes, compost which already contain trace elements in their composition. It is very effective to sow green manure on green fertilizers. In addition, a wide range of microelements is introduced into the composition of many complex fertilizers. All of the above activities make it possible to abandon the special introduction of trace elements. The introduction of micronutrient fertilizers using extra-root dressing is very effective, that is, the introduction of nutrients through the leaves, spraying the plants with micronutrient solutions, strictly following the instructions on the fertilizer packaging.
