It would seem that wooden structures do not need additional insulation, since wood is a natural heat insulator. However, this is a big mistake. During the construction process, no matter how ideally the constituent elements are fitted, insignificant cold bridges still arise, which will only increase over time. Therefore, you should think about the insulation of the house immediately, without losing precious money, heating the street. Moreover, the main heat loss occurs through the ceiling, therefore, it is necessary to insulate both the walls and the ceiling, floor, roof.

Content

1. The advantages of ceiling insulation
2. Ceiling insulation options
3. The choice of thermal insulation material
4. Working materials and tools
5. Mineral wool ceiling insulation technology
   • external insulation of the ceiling with mineral wool
   • internal insulation video

The advantages of ceiling insulation

Many do not even think about the mass of positive aspects following the competently carried out installation of thermal insulation.

Among the most important are the following:

• The absence on the ceiling of condensate formed as a result of large temperature differences between the internal and external environment;
• The absence of icicles in frost at the edges of the roof, since proper thermal insulation prevents the exit of warm air from the room that melt snow on the roof;
• Creating a comfortable indoor microclimate;
• Money savings associated with maintaining heat loss.

However, before proceeding with the insulation of the ceiling, it is necessary to decide which side is better to install thermal insulation.

Ceiling insulation options

Currently, there are two ways to install a heat-insulating layer:

• External;

• Interior.

As a rule, the following premises contribute to internal insulation:

• The height of the room allows you to freely lower the ceiling by 10-15 cm;
• The inability to produce external insulation for any of its own reasons.

External insulation makes it possible:

• Keep the usable area indoors;
• Minimize the zone of subzero temperatures;
• Save financial resources, since there is no need for insulation of the insulation (provided that the roof is not used for summer living).

The choice of thermal insulation material

Currently, the market is full of diverse thermal insulation materials for ceiling insulation. However, 2 types are in constant demand:

1. Mineral, in particular, stone wool - is formed as a result of the melting, at very high temperatures, of volcanic rocks. After that, the resulting mass is sent to a special centrifuge, where the material takes the form of elongated fibers. To obtain mineral wool in rolls or mats, the fibers are bonded to each other by means of resin, thereby acquiring a fibrous structure.

Advantages:

• Fire resistance begins to melt at temperatures above 1000 degrees;
• Low coefficient of thermal conductivity provides coolness in the sultry period and warmth in the cold winter;
• Resistance to mechanical loads, although with time it can give slight shrinkage;
• Good soundproofing;
• A high level of vapor permeability, providing a fairly comfortable indoor microclimate;
• Chemical resistance to organic substances;
• Biological stability, since mineral wool is not subject to decay, the effects of rodents;
• Reasonable cost;
• Convenience of installation;
• Long service life of about 50 years.

Disadvantages:

• High hygroscopicity, accumulation of moisture in the structure of mineral wool leads to the loss of a part of useful properties;
• The presence of special clothing during installation.

2. Polyfoam is made by foaming and subsequent conditioning of polystyrene granules. After carrying out these measures, the granules filled with air are poured into special forms and are exposed to steam, as a result of which the individual granules adhere to each other. After cooling, polystyrene blocks are cut into slabs of various sizes.

Pros:

• Excellent heat and noise insulation properties;
• Low mechanical strength;
• Poor vapor permeability;
• Light weight;
• Moisture resistant;
• Working clothes are not required;
• Low cost.

Minuses:

• Low fire safety under the influence of open fire easily ignites, forming toxic smoke;
• Biological instability polystyrene is susceptible to violation of the integrity of rodents;
• Destroyed by organic solvents;
• Short life on average 15 years.

Thus, mineral wool is more suitable for warming the ceiling in a wooden house, since it has excellent vapor permeability, which facilitates the unhindered removal of moisture from wood. In addition, for the purposes of fire safety, mineral wool has increased fire resistance, which can not be said about polystyrene foam.

Of course, insulating the ceiling with mineral wool, the price of which exceeds the cost of polystyrene, seems unattractive. However, the mass of advantages of this material and the duration of the operating life has a great advantage in its favor. Based on this, mineral wool insulation pays off after 2-3 years of use. Since the cost of insulating the ceiling with mineral wool directly depends on the number of required layers and the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, the installation of insulation can be relatively cheap.

Working materials and tools

For quick installation of thermal insulation, it is advisable to prepare everything you need in advance.

Required:

• Hydro, vapor barrier film;
• Minvata;
• Special glue;
• Wide-head mounts;
• Suspensions for a profile;
• Bars, or metal profile;
• Screwdriver;
• Self-tapping screws;
• Scissors for metal;
• Sharp knife;
• Stapler;
• Wire.

Technology of insulation of the ceiling with mineral wool

Before proceeding with the direct installation of thermal insulation, you must:

1. Thoroughly clean the work surface from construction debris and other contaminants;
2. If necessary, repair or replace damaged elements of a wooden structure;
3. Make an estimate for the consumption of materials;
4. Purchase materials based on 10% of the stock.

external insulation of the ceiling with mineral wool

1. The distance between the existing beam ceilings should be slightly less than the width of the mineral wool, since the insulation should be laid extremely tightly.
2. To ensure ventilation, a gap is required between the vapor barrier and the ceiling. To do this, around the entire perimeter, you can put boards about 2 cm thick with a step of 30-40 cm.
3. After this, the wood is treated with an antiseptic solution.
4. The vapor barrier material is laid. In this case, avoid the formation of cracks in the joints. Vapor barrier ensures the evaporation of moisture entering the mineral wool structure.
5. A layer of mineral wool is laid. The optimum thickness is 10-15 cm. If one layer is not enough, then a second one is laid on top. Moreover, the joints of the mineral wool of the first layer should be in the middle of the next layer. This approach achieves the overlap of random bridges of cold.
6. The waterproofing film is attached. To obtain optimal tightness, it is necessary to overlap the edges of the film with an overlap of 5-7 cm, and glue the resulting seams with tape.

The final finish depends on the purpose of the attic:

• if it is an attic, then flooring is laid;
• if the attic is intended only for controlling communications, then you can lay several boards for movement.

Thus, the finish coating depends on the preferences of the owner and in no way affects the thermal insulation.

internal insulation

When conducting internal work, the order of the layers changes somewhat:

1. First, a waterproof waterproof lap material is attached to the ceiling. Butt joints for sealing are glued with tape.
2. A crate is being constructed from a bar or a metal profile. The dimensions of the cells should be slightly smaller than the width of the mineral wool, so that the material will fit tightly into the cells, excluding any gaps.
3. Minvat is glued. In order to seal the cracks, a special self-adhesive tape is used.
4. The vapor barrier layer overlaps like a waterproofing material.
5. The suspended ceiling completes the design. This can be a stretch ceiling, drywall, or tiles.

Over time, if the finishing material is not tight enough to the insulation layer, a slight sagging of the mineral wool is possible and, as a result, cold bridges appear. In this regard, additional measures can be taken to avoid this incident. To do this, in 10-15 cm bars, around the entire perimeter of the crate, screws are screwed. The wire is wound on the first and, as the minvata are laid, the wire is pulled in a zigzag fashion. Such a grid will reliably hold the mineral wool in its original form and prevent sagging of the insulation due to shrinkage.

Insulating a wooden ceiling with mineral wool only at first glance seems an impossible task, but as the work progresses, everything will be much simpler.

Author: Sergey and Svetlana Khuentsov

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