How to build a foundation for a bath with your own hands.
The beginning of the construction of the bath, like any building, will be the construction of the foundation. What type of foundation to choose, how to make it yourself - this article will tell you.
Content.
What foundation to choose for a bath.
What foundation to choose for the bath depends on the type of soil, the level of groundwater, the size of the building and the material from which it will be built. The foundation can be tape, pile-grillage, screw, columnar or monolithic.
Do-it-yourself ribbon foundation for a bathhouse is the main type of foundation that is used for simple, lightweight buildings. Such a foundation may be monolithic, or may be block.
If the bath is not large, and the soil is dense, you can lay column foundation. Poles are usually mounted in the corners of the bath and at the joints of the walls.
The spiral foundation for the bath is perfect for slopes or moving soils.
Pile and grillage foundation under the bath requires additional tying with grillage: channel or beam. Such a foundation will reliably fix the bath in areas with quicksand. How to make the foundation for a bath of this type? It is easy, the piles are screwed into the ground with levers and then poured with concrete.
The monolithic foundation is suitable for all types of soils and for any buildings. This is a continuous reinforced concrete slab, which, thanks to its large area, reduces the pressure of the entire structure to the ground.
Which foundation is better for a bath?
The most common tape shallow foundation bath with your own hands.
It allows you to do with small human resources when laying, significantly less building material is required than a monolithic foundation and, therefore, more economical.
how make a foundation under the bath you can learn on your own from this article.
How to make a foundation for a bath
site preparation and layout
First you need to prepare the site for laying the foundation for the bath with your own hands.
Remove all rubbish, level, dig large hills, turf with vegetation is best removed.
The second step is to markup.
It is good to use a theodolite to make axes, but you can mark it without it.
You will need reinforcing posts, a large drawing rectangular triangle and a cord from a non-tearing rope.
Marking is necessary from the inner corner.
We drive a column into the supposed angle, apply a triangle and stretch the center lines.
Repeat the procedure for all angles.
To verify the correct layout, you need to stretch the diagonals with cords and compare.
They should be equal, at worst, the allowable difference should be no more than 2 cm.
Now it's time to draw the inner contours.
For a bath from a bar, a sufficient foundation width should be about 250 mm, 350 mm under a brick wall.
In the same way, the internal contours of the bath are marked, after which you can begin to mark the internal walls.
Here everything needs to be thought out carefully so that during the work process you can no longer transfer the partitions.
digging a trench.
Now you can pick up a shovel and start choosing soil.
The bottom of the trench is displayed horizontally by the water level.
When digging, it is necessary to make a width tolerance for the formwork.
The depth of the trench is determined depending on the mass of the bath and can range from 35 to 70 cm.
At the bottom of the trench, a sand and gravel cushion is rammed to level the plane.
install the formwork.
Rebar rods are driven in along the perimeter of the trench every 2-3 meters to install the formwork.
For formwork, boards or panels 50 cm thick are taken tightly fitted, with a carefully aligned inner surface (that which is to concrete).
prepare the reinforcing cage.
For further work, a reinforcement cut in length and width will be required.
The calculation of the length of the rods must be done so that there is 5 cm left on each side to the walls.
Reinforcement should not go to the surface of concrete to exclude the possibility of corrosion.
The calculation of the number of rods must be done along the length of the tape.
It will take 2 rows of rods horizontally (i.e. 4 lengths of the entire tape) and vertical rods at a distance of 30 cm from each other - the length must be calculated depending on the depth of the foundation.
The reinforcing frame on such a small structure as a bath is better to knit not in a trench, but on the surface.
It is better to knit the frame with reinforcing wire, angular reinforcement can be bent at an angle, or can be cut with a grinder and knit.
For a light bath from a bar, it is not necessary to reinforce the foundation.
Before installing the reinforcement, it is necessary to line the inside of the formwork with very dense building polyethylene so that cement milk does not leak when pouring concrete.
Polyethylene must be wrapped with a lap, in no case be nailed.
In the future, it can be left on the foundation as a waterproofing.
At the bottom you need to put plastic cups so that reinforcing bars rest on them.
Place the reinforcing cage with two or three, so as not to damage the polyethylene.
If you plan to work in perfect solitude, the frame can be knitted directly into the trench.
pouring concrete.
Now you can fill the foundation under the bath. You can make concrete yourself, you can order mortar at a concrete plant. when pouring, it is necessary to level the mixture with a shovel and vibrate to remove air bubbles from the mixture.
Formwork can be removed on the third or fifth day. We made the foundation with our own hands under the bathhouse.
Here you can watch the video how to fill the foundation under the bath
