 |
 |
 |
 |
Stained-glass windows in the interior of a modern house, making stained-glass windows, do-it-yourself stained-glass windows
The name stained glass came to us from Latin. This concept denotes a structural structure, transparent or translucent texture, imitating a special ornament or plot. The stained glass composition is unusual in its skillful and successful combination of light rays and a glass surface. These components in conjunction with a significant third - the color - create real masterpieces of art.
Content
- Stained glass as an element of decor
- Stained glass in the interior video
- Classic or soldered stained glass
- Tiffany video
- Fusing
- Cast Stained Glass
- Faceted Stained Glass
- Smalt
- Jellied stained glass window video
- Film stained glass video
- Painted stained glass
- Other varieties of stained glass technology
- Photo printing
- Collage
- Combined Stained Glass
Stained glass as an element of decor
Stained-glass windows in the interior, first of all, are an element of decor. Their direct purpose is the refraction of light streams and the transformation of the area inside the room. The active development and use of stained glass art dates back to the Middle Ages. Unfortunately, where and when the first stained glass composition was first produced is not known. To this day, information has been preserved that even the ancient Romans tried to use blown and cast glass in architecture.
In today's interior decoration, stained glass is back in fashion. Of course, the idea to decorate a room in this way belongs rightfully to ancient architects, but thanks to innovations in modern technologies, the stained-glass windows improved and entered a new round of updating and improvement.
The stained-glass window is considered to be not only a decorative element, but also a central element of the interior. You can admire them at different times of the day, regardless of what angle the sun's rays fall on the structure. Based on this, it becomes clear that the stained glass composition will be appropriate to look in the hall, in the kitchen and even in the bathroom.
Stained glass in the interior
Those who venture to decorate at least one of the rooms with a stained glass composition are guaranteed to receive a unique transformation of the room, as well as color lightness and originality. Designers advise stained glass to be in the style in which the entire room is decorated. Thus, the design will be unified, holistic and harmonious.
The most commonly used stained glass style is classical. Its main characteristics are naturalness, sophistication, simplicity and uniqueness. This style is considered relatively small budget, which today is quite relevant. The main attraction of stained glass classics is symmetry. The subjects depicted can be completely different from natural landscapes to geometric bodies. Such compositions are generally performed in either dark or pastel colors. Most often they are used in the design of screens, window openings, partitions.
No less popular style - stained glass neo-gothic. The idea of \u200b\u200bthe style is as follows: in a room with a large area - rather dense filling of the window openings with a stained glass composition, and in a room not large in size - the basis of a transparent or colorless material was supplemented with colored splashes.
With the advent of the twentieth century, the style was formed and strengthened. modern. Its main features are smooth transitions, intricate bizarre patterns, soft lines and patterns that mimic plants. The color scheme of the style welcomes all the soft halftones. Art Nouveau style is distinguished by its extravagance and sophistication. Modern stained-glass windows are perfectly combined with almost all types of interiors.
The creation of stained-glass windows today is made through the use of various technologies. Unfortunately, some of them are quite complex and require not only the skill and experience of the artist, but also the use of special equipment. You cannot use such techniques at home. And now it's time to find out what are the features of creating stained-glass windows of different types.
Classic or soldered stained glass
They begin work by making a sketch, then, in accordance with each line, a metal profile is laid in which the prepared glass fragments are inserted. At the joints, soldering is performed. Then perform the artistic painting of the stained-glass window.
The profile can be copper, brass or lead; its cross section is similar to the letter N. Fragments cut from colored glass are inserted into the grooves of the H-shaped profile. You can use glass with a thickness of not more than 4 mm. The structure of the profile is quite rigid and does not allow to give images curved contours. Another drawback of this technology is the relatively large profile width (up to 6 mm). which does not allow to make seams graceful.
The quality of the light transmission characteristics of such a stained-glass window depends on the glasses that are used in the manufacture, and the best manufacturers today are: Wissmach, Spectrum, Glashutte Lamberts, Armstrong, the glasses produced by these companies are painted in bulk, they never fade.
It is rational to use the classical technique of creating stained-glass windows in the manufacture of large stained-glass windows.
Tiffany
Tiffany stained glass windows are considered the most beautiful, but their manufacture is notable for some complexity. They are realistic and very similar to picturesque paintings, in their manufacture colored glass fragments of different sizes, shapes, including concave and convex, are used. The assembly of such stained-glass windows is carried out exclusively by hand, i.e. each work can be considered copyright.
Work begins with creating a sketch, breaking it into fragments. Further, structural details are cut out of the glass, grinded to the desired shape and dimensions, the fragments are joined by soldering with lead-tin solder an adhesive copper tape into which each of the prepared fragments is wrapped. Guide profiles when creating a stained-glass window in this technique are not required.
Using a copper base for attaching fragments allows you to create convex and volumetric images.
Tiffany stained-glass windows will not suffer from sudden changes in temperature, regardless of the fact that they consist of individual fragments, the strength is no less than products from a solid glass cloth. To make such stained-glass windows with your own hands is possible, subject to the availability of appropriate materials and tools, artistic taste and imagination, the ability to work with great accuracy.
Fusing
The process of creating a stained-glass window using the Fusing technique is very complicated; it consists in sintering at very high temperatures composed of glass fragments of artistic compositions. Although this technique was used during the construction of the Egyptian pyramids, in modern industry, it began to be used relatively recently.
Like the above-described techniques, it requires the creation of a sketch, cutting glass fragments, assembling them with an even glass base using fixing glue, sintering in ovens at temperatures from +650 to +900 C. From above, the assembled picture is closed with a second glass-base, forming a semblance of a sandwich . The process of sintering glasses is multi-stage, at first the glasses warm up slowly, then they are kept for some time at the fusion temperature and quickly cooled.
Stained-glass windows using the Fusing technique are multilayered and embossed; they are made without metal broaches. Of course, it is impossible to use this technique at home.
Cast Stained Glass
A rather complicated technique, which involves manually blowing or casting each of the glass modules, giving them a special surface texture capable of effectively refracting light rays. The thickness of each of the fragments can vary between 5-30 mm. Glass modules are connected using metal fittings and cement.
Faceted Stained Glass
A special place among the stained-glass windows is occupied by facet technology. They are extremely attractive and original, they look appropriate in luxurious interiors, emphasizing their features and the high level of prosperity of the owners of the house. Glasses for such a stained-glass window are processed in a certain way - a chamfer (facet) is removed along the edge of each, which significantly increases the refractive properties of the material. Especially faceted, sanded and polished glass can also be used. Only thick, heavy glasses are used in the work, respectively, and the frame for them requires particularly strong. To connect the prepared glasses using a rigid metal profile: brass or copper. After assembling the stained glass window, it is patinated, giving it the appearance of aged bronze, silver, gold or brass. In this frame, light-refracting glasses look like real gems.
Smalt
The original old technology, which consists in assembling pictures from glass fragments and metal oxides, followed by firing them in furnaces for a long period.
The resulting material has high strength properties, an attractive appearance resembling a glass mosaic. Smalta amazes the imagination with its depth and richness of shades, special deep light, and the ability to look completely different when illuminated by different light sources.
Jellied stained glass window
This technique is quite in demand and available for execution. Of course, in order to create an interesting stained glass, the performer will need to have some experience and talent as a make-up artist. In appearance, the jellied stained-glass window resembles that created using the Tiffany technique. After creating a full-size sketch, its contour lines are transferred to the skim surface of the glass base, using polymer paint for this, an imitation of a metal broach is obtained. After complete drying of the contour lines, the resulting cells are filled with paints or varnishes of appropriate colors. Drying of the stained-glass window is carried out throughout the day.
The technology for manufacturing stained-glass windows allows the use of partial automation of the process, in particular:
- computer-aided design
- drawing a contour with the help of programmable equipment.
Stencils for stained-glass windows can be used in a wide variety of ways, they are easy to find ready-made on the Internet. The stained-glass windows made using the filling technology are quite durable, they do not lose quality when exposed to the environment, they are safe and environmentally friendly.
Film stained glass
The most budgetary technique for making stained glass can be called film. Of course, a picture created in this way on a glass canvas can be attributed to stained-glass windows conditionally, because its creation consists in applying a special colored film on the glass surface, in accordance with the selected sketch of the drawing, and subsequent fastening along the contours with a lead or tin border.
Such stained-glass windows have a flat, smooth surface - the basis for their manufacture is sheet glass. They are distinguished by simple maintenance, light weight and safety in operation.
Stained glass film for the manufacture of such a stained glass window is made of lavsan, the procedure for manufacturing a film stained glass window is as follows:
- full-size sketching
- transferring the picture to the surface of the glass,
- laying of a tape contour,
- filling the resulting fragments with mylar film.
The use of solid glass allows you to create film stained glass windows of large sizes.
Painted stained glass
You can make them in any technique, the main condition is the application of paints on most stained glass windows. As an additional decor, such stained-glass windows suggest the use of folded or cut glass. The stained-glass window will be considered painted even if the only whole glass of the stained-glass window has been subjected to painting.
Other varieties of stained glass technology
You can find in the interiors and such stained glass windows as:
- Silhouette, in the assembly of which round disk elements are used, the free spaces between them are filled with concave glasses, and all fragments are connected by a brass or lead frame.
- Sandblasting, made of mirror cloth or colorless glass, with a matte pattern using a special sandblasting device, having an interesting appearance and blending perfectly into the classic interior.
- Patternedcollected from glass, folded into patterns, one-color, often consisting of textured, oriented in different directions of glass.
- Mosaic made of glass, it cannot be used as light transmission material in window or doorways, but preservation of the properties of translucent glass by it allows you to use the material as a facing, usually panels are created from it, multi-colored ornaments that fill the entire room with sun glare.
- Mosaic stained glasscollected from multi-colored glasses using lead threads, characterized by a repeating pattern, perfectly serve as a background, but can be used as an independent decor item.
Photo printing
This variety appeared recently, but with its help, designers were able to significantly expand their capabilities in interior design. Photo printing involves drawing a pattern on glass in different ways:
- direct - the pattern can be printed on a solid basis,
- film - first print the picture on the film, then glue it to the glass surface
- triplex - the pattern is applied to the film and lies between the surfaces of two glasses.
Attractive moments of photo printing are:
- the ability to copy a classic stained glass window,
- product manufacturing speed
- affordable price.
Collage
The technique for making a collage stained-glass window is based on the use of modern equipment, but is somewhat in tune with the Tiffany technique. After the sketch is developed, preforms of the required sizes and shades are prepared, connected with a polymer solution, using ordinary glass as the base.
Such stained-glass windows are distinguished by the absence of clear lines, smooth color transitions, transparency and lightness. They look natural in any interior, and the unique technology allows you to reproduce any complex images in the glass.
Combined Stained Glass
They are the most versatile, in their manufacture the master himself decides which particular techniques and styles can be used in the manufacture of a glass painting, while the unusual use of traditional techniques is not forbidden. Due to the uniqueness of the principles of its manufacture, the combined stained-glass windows make it possible to achieve a special expressiveness of the works, uniqueness that is difficult to obtain within any particular style. This peculiar technique allows you to create the effect of a three-dimensional image, surprising a special depth and volume.
After reviewing the description and watching the video recommendations, we learned how to make a stained-glass window. Of course, to get a real work of art will require a lot of effort, effort and imagination.
