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Voltage stabilizer for home, overview
All electrical equipment is designed to work at a certain voltage. To maintain a stable voltage of your network, stabilizers are used.
Content
- General information
- Types of stabilizers video
- main parameters
- Voltage ranges
- Protection device
- Features of installation and connection
- Stabilizer Overview video
General information
Even if everything is in order in the transformer box, it’s not a fact that 220 volts will reach the consumer.
Due to the large length of the wires, large losses, and during peak hours, electricity can simply be disassembled along the road.
There are also reverse situations when power surges occur. All this negatively affects the operation of household appliances, and at especially low voltage, makes their work impossible.
In such situations, you need your own stabilizer.
On the one hand, wires from a standard power supply system are suitable for the stabilizer, and on the other hand, wires for your equipment.
On the case of this mechanism, there may be several switches, switches and control devices.
Types of stabilizers
The main parameters of alternating electric current are voltage and frequency.
Frequency, in stationary networks, is regulated quite accurately.
A conventional stabilizer only corrects voltage.
To change the voltage value, a transformer is needed.
To obtain a voltage different from the input voltage at the output, it is necessary to change the ratio between the number of turns of the primary and secondary windings.
Since the input voltage is not constant, we need a system that can automatically change the ratio of turns.
There are two such systems: mechanical and electronic adjustment.
Accordingly, there are also two types of stabilizers.
In electromechanical stabilizers, the current collector is connected to the transformer winding, its position is regulated automatically.
A simple circuit allows you to maintain voltage with high accuracy.
The disadvantages include fast-wearing carbon brushes, they are used as a current collector.
In addition, mechanics cannot quickly respond to voltage drops, and when choosing such models, it is necessary to pay attention to the stabilization rate, which is measured in volts per second (V / s).
But electronic type stabilizers work differently.
With the help of electronic keys, additional windings are connected or disconnected to the transformer winding, thus changing the output voltage.
The most commonly used in everyday life are electronic or electromechanical models.
There are stabilizers for working with high-precision equipment, but they are not needed for home use.
main parameters
The main parameters of the stabilizer include the number of phases, power.
number of phases
On a three-phase network, a three-phase or single-phase stabilizer is installed.
When installing a single-phase stabilizer, only one phase will stabilize - with a small load, this may be enough.
Three-phase models can be three single-phase in a common housing or have a common transformer for all three phases.
power
When choosing a stabilizer, pay attention to its power, as this is one of the most important parameters.
To provide energy for an ordinary house from several rooms, in most cases, power from 10 to 30 kVA is required.
The easiest way to calculate the total power of all consumers connected through the stabilizer at the same time. To the resulting figure add 20-25%.
Based on this figure, you can select the desired stabilizer model.
If you have equipment with electric motors, remember the starting current of the electric motor, since it is several times higher than the nominal one, you need to check that when starting the electric motor, the stabilizer should not be overloaded.
When calculating loads with an electric motor, multiply the rated power by 3.
It is important to consider that when the input voltage decreases, the output power of the stabilizer also drops.
If the input voltage drops below 180 V., corrections must be made.
At a voltage of 180-150 V. a single-phase stabilizer with a power of 1.5 times higher than the nominal voltage is required.
If you do not want or cannot buy a stabilizer with increased power, reduce your own energy consumption compared to the calculated one.
Voltage ranges
Household stabilizers operate at a voltage of 140-250 V.
The accuracy of the output voltage depends on the type of stabilizer. In our country, the mains voltage should be - 220 V. plus / minus 10%.
Household electromechanical models regulate the voltage with an accuracy of 2-3%, in electronic models the accuracy is lower, 7-8%.
But electronic stabilizers have a response speed higher, within hundredths of a second, and electromechanical stabilizers, the reaction speed is calculated in seconds.
Protection device
If it is not possible to stabilize the voltage in order to save the connected equipment, an automatic shutdown of the network is necessary.
Almost all stabilizers have more or less the same types of protection.
There is protection against overvoltage and undervoltage, the stabilizer will turn on automatically when the power is turned on.
In addition to these protection devices, there is protection against overload of the stabilizer itself, from a short circuit in the network.
The stabilizer itself has its own protection against overheating of the transformer windings.
Features of installation and connection
All household stabilizers are equipped with a housing that prevents the penetration of large objects and fingers, but does not provide protection against water.
It should be noted that these mechanisms are not designed to operate at low temperatures.
At a negative temperature, they begin to attract moisture, and the higher the outdoor temperature, the faster the device overheats.
Conclusion - stabilizers are installed in a room where there is sufficient air exchange, without direct sunlight.
Do not block the ventilation openings, as this impairs heat transfer.
There are no completely silent models.
The stabilizer is placed between the meter and the connected equipment.
The wires used for connection must have a sufficient cross-section to withstand the load, all connections must be securely tightened.
Stabilizer Overview
Era STA 1000
Relay (electronic), desktop installation, terminal connection. The output voltage of the network is 220 V. plus / minus 8%, the input voltage range is 140-270 V. The load power is 10.0 kVA. Efficiency: 95%, response time to voltage changes no more than 0.02 sec., Operating temperature 5-40 degrees Celsius. Power of other models in the line: 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.5 / 2.0 / 3.0 / 5.0 / 8.0 kVA. Weight 25.6 kg.
Elitech ACH 1000 PH
Relay (electronic), wall installation, connection with the help of a euro plug. The output voltage is 220 V. plus / minus 8%, the input voltage range is 100-260 V. The load power is 1.0 kVA., Efficiency: 98%. The reaction time to voltage changes is not more than 0, 005 sec., Operating temperature is 0-40 degrees Celsius. Power of other models in the line: 0.5 / 1.5 / 2.0 / 3.0 / 5.0 / 8.0 / 10.0 / kVA. Weight 4,5 kg.
Schneider Electric APC Line-R LE600-RS and LE 1200-RS
Relay (electronic), type of installation, desktop, connection with a euro plug. Mains output voltage: switchable, 220_230 / 240 V. plus / minus 10%. Load Power (Max.): 0.6 / 1.2 kVA. Weight 3.1 / 4.2 kg.
Rucelf SDW-10000-D
Electromechanical, wall mounting, terminal connection, output voltage 220 V. plus / minus 1.5%. The input voltage range is 140-255 V., the load power (max) is 10.0 kVA., At a voltage of 140/169/180 V. 4.5 / 7.2 / 9.2 kVA. Stabilization rate: 15 sec. Operating temperature 5-40 degrees Celsius. Power of other models in the line: 0.5 / 1.0 / 3.0 / 5.0 / 8.0 kVA.
