One - or two-chamber double-glazed window to install in the house?
The double-glazed window manufacturing industry is very actively developing. The task of the window is to let light in and keep home warm. Which window to choose, let's try to figure it out.
Content
- Why has glass become energy efficient?
- Energy saving coating video
- Which is better - single-chamber or two-chamber double-glazed window?
- Wooden frame or PVC frame?
Why has glass become energy efficient?
Heat transfer occurs in three ways - air convection, thermal conductivity of the material, radiation.
In accordance with this, in order to reduce heat loss through the window, they began to change the frame with a single glass to a sealed double-glazed window.
By increasing the thickness and number of glasses, they achieve a decrease in thermal conductivity, in addition, inert gas or dried air began to be pumped between the glasses.
Modern manufacturers seek to increase the reflection from the glass of long-wave infrared radiation, since when using ordinary window glass, the main losses (up to 70%) of the total heat through the window occur.
All the heat accumulated in the room is lost through all parts of the building, but in a different proportion.
Most of the thermal energy (up to 35%) is lost through the windows, through the walls 20-30%, through the roof up to 15%, the foundation up to 15%, through the pipe up to 15%. After analyzing all the heat losses, we came to the conclusion that the use of energy-saving double-glazed windows becomes vital.
The emissivity of glass shows how glass handles heat energy and the less glass passes and reflects more radiation power - the better the glass works.
The emission factor characterizes the energy saving of glass.
Modern manufacturers have learned how to make sheet glass of a transparent type capable of transmitting much less heat. By applying a low emission optical coating, the thermal conductivity of the glass decreases and the heat transfer resistance increases.
At the same time, this coating does not prevent short-wave solar radiation from entering the room and at the same time blocks the exit of the long-wave thermal radiation from the room. Such glasses are also called selective.
Energy saving coating
Modern manufacturers, in the production of low-emission glass, use two types of coatings - hard K and soft I from a film of metals and metal oxides.
K - the coating is applied to the hot surface of the glass by pyrolysis during the manufacture of glass, and then the glass is annealed.
High hardness compared to ordinary glass is the main advantage. But such glass is only 4-5 times more economical than usual.
I - the coating is applied in vacuum using the method of magnetron sputtering. This glass has a layered structure, and the main role is played by a thin metal film, it has spectral selectivity.
This glass is 10-20 times more economical than usual. The disadvantage of this glass is its softness.
Therefore, such a coating is applied to glass used only as part of a double-glazed unit, while such glass should be adjacent to the distance frame.
Which is better - single-chamber or two-chamber double-glazed window?
In accordance with GOST, single-chamber (SPO) and two-chamber (SPD) double-glazed windows are produced.
The central part of Russia widely uses SPD packages with three four-millimeter glasses and two distance frames of 10 mm each.
If central heating works well, such double-glazed windows can maintain sufficient thermal insulation of the room.
But if you want to increase the comfort of the room, to feel comfortable on the sofa by the window and reduce costs when heating a country house - it is better to use open source software - packages with energy-saving glass.
As an example, we can cite a software package 4M1-16 Ar - I4. Such a bag has two 4 mm. glass, they are mounted at a distance of 16 mm. from each other, and the gap is filled with argon, the inner glass is coated with I-coating from the street.
The thermal insulation of such a single-chamber double-glazed window having an I-coating is 20% higher.
Thermal rays with a long wave in the winter are reflected back into the room (where the heating appliances work), and in the summer, on the contrary, they are reflected on the street, where there are sun-heated walls of houses and asphalt.
This property of double-glazed windows can significantly reduce the cost of heating in winter and cooling in summer.
In addition, double-glazed windows with I-coating by 17% reduce the amount of UV radiation passing through the glass and contribute to the preservation of the color of furniture upholstery and other interior items.
Due to the fact that the surface temperature of such a double-glazed window is higher than that of ordinary glass, the probability of condensation falling on it decreases.
The advantage of such packages is the fact that a single-chamber double-glazed window is cheaper than a two-chamber, and its weight is 1.5 times lower.
As an example, we can cite statistics on the use of single-chamber double-glazed windows with I-coating in a two-story cottage with a total area of \u200b\u200b350 m2 - fuel economy exceeded 1 ton per season.
Wooden frame or PVC frame?
The width of the distance frame on the insulating properties of the glass does not particularly affect, but with a value of 12 mm. and higher, sound insulation performance is greatly improved.
Frames for double-glazed windows are considered more reliable made of wood.
This is explained by the peculiarities of the Russian climate, the temperature difference in summer and winter leads to temperature changes in structures made of PVC profile.
The coefficient of thermal expansion of the PVC profile is several times higher than that of wood and the consumer feels this especially on large windows, as the frame sags.
To prevent sagging, it is necessary to more often adjust the sealing of the window frames.
The advantages of wooden frames include the fact that they are warmer in winter and have a wider range of window design.
And of course, wood is an environmentally friendly product, and this is the main advantage of wooden frames.
