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Roofing
The appearance of the house, its beauty, largely depends on the roofing material. In modern conditions, a metal roof looks beautiful, but its color should be in harmony with the architecture of the structure.
Content
- Pent roof
- Gable roof
- Inclined rafters
- Hanging rafters
- Crate
- Choose a roof
- Roofs made of metal and corrugated board video
Pent roof
The shape of the roof is selected depending on the size, configuration and purpose of the building.
The roof should protect the ceiling of the house from atmospheric influences, divert water from the walls and basement. Any roof consists of two main parts: roof and rafters. A shed roof is most often installed on outbuildings, garages, awnings. For residential and garden houses, gable and attic roof forms are inherent. Such roofs are easy to manufacture, at the discretion of the owner, they are covered with any roofing materials.
Gable roof
In one-story houses with an average load-bearing wall, as a rule, a roof with inclined rafters is mounted, they are supported at one end on the outer wall of the house, and at the other end are supported on a girder or stand mounted above the middle wall.
The rafters are interconnected by nails or rafter brackets. To chopped walls, the ends of the rafters are fixed with brackets. If the walls of the house are stone, the rafters are attached as follows: the ends of the rafters of the stone house are supported by a beam that lies along the entire length of the wall and distributes the load from the rafters to the wall.
For fire safety, in the rafters and laths, where the chimney comes from the stove, it is necessary to make a fire break.
Inclined rafters
Inclined rafters are floor beams that are laid obliquely, and not horizontally, on supports of different heights. In such cases, the supports are either two outer walls, or outer and inner. For inclined rafters, when installing a gable roof, a wall is necessary - a support. Inclined rafters or rafters of opposite roof slopes can be in the same plane, but stacked on the ridge run alternately. Inclined rafters do not require complex mechanisms during installation and are easy to assemble.
The nodes of the inclined rafters are assembled with struts and struts. If the rafters are made with struts, then the span between the outer walls is no more than 6-8 meters. If the span between the external walls is 8-10 meters, installation of rafters with struts and struts is necessary. Rafters and racks are made from the same boards. The ridge run is made from a bar 100x100 mm. In cobblestone and chopped houses, hanging and sloping rafters rest on the upper end of the wall, and clamps are attached to the second crown, starting from the top.
Hanging rafters
Hanging rafters are in the same plane, tightly interconnected. The rafter node (truss) is supported by two extreme supports. The rafters of the hanging rafters abut each other in the ridge, thereby creating pressure on the walls and can overturn them. In order to avoid this, installation of the lower belt of the truss truss is necessary. When installing hanging rafters, each rafter made in advance is separately raised to the attic floor, and then assembled at the top, with the use of auxiliary braces and sawing for temporary fastening of the truss.
Such nodes of hanging rafters are collected for flights up to 8 meters long. A single puff is made of boards the thickness of the same as the rafters, if the puff is double, you can use boards of smaller thickness. For overlays and a crossbar boards of 25-30 mm are used. To counter wind loads in the transverse direction, 1-2 diagonal bundles (braces) are installed. The braces are mounted from lumber 30-40 mm thick., One end of the brace is attached to the base of one rafter leg, the second to the middle of the neighboring one. It is most convenient to put the braces over the middle wall, the boards in this place are nailed to the rack and lay. The most common rafter pitch is 120 cm.
Crate
Lathing rafters is necessary for roofing. Depending on the choice of roof, they also perform the crate: from boards, bars or hemp. If the crate is continuous, then the boards must be laid horizontally on the rafters of the ridge. In view of the need to save building material, reducing their waste, it is permissible to use boards that warp when forming a crate, forming convexities and concavities, in which case the boards are laid down convexly in order to protect the attic space from water.
It is better to use building materials for the lathing of rafters not lower than the second grade, without knots, dry and not very wide, up to 14 cm wide. Any roof should be strong, not combustible, durable, waterproof. In modern construction, a wide range of wood impregnations is used for this purpose.
Choose a roof
The choice of roofing is a responsible and serious matter, with the following factors being important;
- roof slope;
- type of building;
- financial and taste considerations of the developer;
- the presence of the selected material on sale.
A quality roof preserves not only the roof, but also the attic, foundation, walls of the house. Currently, various types of roofs are used. We will focus on the roof of metal and corrugated board. At present, metal tiles of the hands are very popular. This roofing material gives a stylish appearance, in addition, it has a stylish appearance and high resistance to wear.
Roof made of metal and corrugated board
These roofs are made of special profiles of hot-dip galvanized steel, the thickness of which is 0.5-0.7 mm. with a multilayer coating of colored plastic. This coating is highly resistant to ultraviolet, a large temperature difference, has a life of more than 30 years. Lightweight design, significantly reduces the load on the foundation. Sheets of metal are mounted on laths with self-tapping fastening screws with cap sealing gaskets.
Currently, companies provide a large selection of additional materials such as strips (cornice, end, ridge, etc.), seals coated with plastic of the same color as roofing sheets, gutter systems, stairs and much more. In recent years, the demand for metal roofing and corrugated board has been steadily increasing. This is due to a combination of high durability, efficiency, high-quality industrial production, low labor costs during installation.
