Drop Watering Elements, Detailed Description
Previously used only on an industrial scale, drip irrigation was able to prove its high efficiency and gain trust from the owners of their own personal plots. And the reason for this was the large number of advantages of this irrigation system, which have found their application in the field of subsistence farming. What are the benefits? You will learn about this, as well as about the main elements of a drip irrigation system, having read this article.
Content
- Drip irrigation system. Main advantages
- Organization of drip irrigation
- The main elements of the drip irrigation system video
- Drip Irrigation Kits
- Organization of an automatic drip irrigation system
Drip irrigation system. Main advantages
What so attracted summer residents in this innovative system? This can be talked about endlessly. Using a drip irrigation system allows you to avoid excessive wetting of the site, since watering occurs directly under the root of the plant. This also leads to inhibition of weed growth, due to the fact that they do not receive the optimal level of moisture, and the absence of soil compaction formed after irrigation allows less frequent loosening of beds without damage to root respiration.
Another important advantage of drip irrigation is the economical consumption of water, and fertilizers, which, when using drip irrigation systems, are applied in dissolved form, are absorbed several times more intensively than when using other methods.
Organization of drip irrigation
In the case of organizing a drip irrigation system with your own hands, it is important to adhere to all constructive nuances, compliance with which will ensure an efficiently functioning system that will ensure timely delivery of water in the required quantity to the root bed of plants.
Before you start arranging the irrigation system, it is important to provide the entire element set for drip irrigation, which will be required for the installation of a functionally sound irrigation system. Particularly important and, perhaps, the main structural element is the source of water supply, the role of which will be played by a well, water supply system or tank of any configuration, fixed at a height of 1.5 meters. The reservoir must certainly be closed, since debris entering the water from the environment will adversely affect the quality of the water. It is forbidden to use open water bodies as sources of water supply, and the use of a tank will provide the necessary level of pressure in the pipeline system, and will also contribute to the heating of water before irrigation.
The main elements of the drip irrigation system
The inlet pipe is another important element of the drip irrigation system. As a rule, polyvinyl chloride pipes with a diameter of 32 mm and above are used. Often, in budget options for irrigation systems, conventional garden hoses for drip irrigation are used. Light tightness and a sufficient level of rigidity requirements for drip irrigation hoses.
A drip irrigation filter is necessary to ensure the long-term operational ability of the irrigation system. He takes part in water purification from various impurities, the most dangerous of which are recognized as iron hydroxides, thereby protecting tapes and droppers from pollution. Currently, the following standard filter options are available to the consumer:
1.Mesh filters, the structural elements of which are represented by molded plastic structures that support a stainless wire mesh;
2. Disc filters, the filtering elements of which are represented by plastic disks assembled on a plastic core. Both sides of the discs are equipped with grooves that intersect to form a filter element. Such a filter design contributes to the most effective water treatment and is easy to rinse.
Drip tapes, in fact, are polyethylene tubes with a diameter of 16 to 20 mm, designed for the installation of droppers.
Having organized the drip irrigation systems, we must not forget about the fittings necessary for connecting the inlet pipe or hose with drip irrigation tapes. Fittings for drip irrigation, also called start connectors, are a plastic tube, which on the one hand is limited by a rubber seal designed to be attached to the pipeline, with the other thread and nut needed to clamp the tape.
As a kind of ordinary fittings, fittings equipped with faucets can be distinguished, which are used to irrigate crops that need different amounts of moisture. With their help, you can control the watering time of various crops.
Droppers for drip irrigation, also called emitters or dosed water supply devices, are divided into internal or integrated and external according to their mounting principle. Internal droppers are produced as part of drip tapes in the form of plastic hoses with droppers built into their inner surface.
External droppers are used mainly in cases where the point organization of water supply is required, that is, in the immediate vicinity of cultivated plants, if they are not located on the same bed line. This is convenient when organizing the irrigation of container and potted plants, berries and vineyards.
There is a classification separation of droppers in accordance with the principle of compensation: into compensated and uncompensated. Speaking of drip tapes, in which the built-in droppers, providing for the compensation function, it can be argued that they do not depend on the differences in the level pressure in the system, since emitters with a 100% guarantee will issue the declared volume of water within an hour. The use of such tapes is practiced for irrigation of crops growing on long soils, characterized by elevation and complex relief. Uncompensated droppers are significantly inferior in this case to the previous ones.
Drip Irrigation Kits
At the moment, to facilitate the installation of the irrigation system, you can purchase ready-made complete sets for drip irrigation, containing all the necessary elements, with the exception of filters, which can be purchased separately.
Adding ready-made installation kits with timers for drip irrigation, electromagnetic controllers and sensors, it is possible to organize an automatic irrigation system in a personal plot.
Organization of an automatic drip irrigation system
The controller can be called an elementary programmable mini-computer, with which you can set the water supply program and perform remote control. Manufacturers offer single-channel and multi-channel controllers.
Single-channel controllers equipped with an electromagnetic valve allow you to organize automation of irrigation of one zone. They do not require complex installation and technical skills and are most in demand in modern household plots.
With the help of multi-channel controllers, it is easy to program the irrigation of up to eight zones, as well as set the irrigation program for each individual zone. Their use allows you to adjust the water requirements of various irrigation zones. The controllers can successfully operate both from direct current, that is, from batteries, and from alternating (from the mains).
Modern controller models suggest the presence of sensors that regulate programmed irrigation and can stop it in case of unforeseen natural factors, such as rain or frost.
